This Blog's is here to explore, examine, reexamine, evoke, provoke, stimulate and highlight various subject matter. We are not here to change minds, just to free them.
Please remember that the truth does not cease to exist simply because you want to ignore, hide, or forget it! Do feel free to comment.
This infographic describes the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, one of the two attacks by the United States on Japan at the end of World War II that resulted in Japan’s surrender. These attacks were the first use of atomic weapons in war. A description of this infographic appears below.
Atomic Bombing of Nagasaki: Infographic
The atomic bombing of Nagasaki occurred on August 9, 1945, at 11:02 AM. In the early 20th century the city became a major shipbuilding center; it was this industry that led to Nagasaki’s being chosen as a target for the second atomic bomb dropped on Japan by the United States in World War II. The bomb destroyed the innermost portion of Nagasaki.
The bomb
The bomb was deployed by a B-29 bomber named Bockscar. The B-29 Bockscar spent 45 minutes over Kokura (northeast of Nagasaki, about halfway between Hiroshima and Nagasaki) without sighting its aim point. It then proceeded to its secondary target, Nagasaki, where the second atomic bomb to be detonated over a populated area was airburst at 500 meters (1,650 feet) above the city. The bomb, named Fat Man, was an implosion fission bomb. In an implosion bomb a sphere of plutonium-239 is surrounded by high explosives that compress the plutonium. The explosive yield was estimated to be the equivalent of 21,000 tons of TNT. Although the bomb dropped on Nagasaki was significantly more powerful than the one dropped on Hiroshima, Nagasaki’s uneven terrain meant that a significant portion of the city was shielded from the worst effects of the blast.
Casualties
The population of Nagasaki in July 1945 was 195,290. Approximately 40,000 people, or 20% of the total population, were killed outright or shortly after the blast. Approximately 70,000 people, or 36% of the total population, were dead by year’s end.
Approximately 40% of the buildings were completely destroyed or severely damaged.
Radiation injury symptoms
General effects of radiation injury included confusion, convulsions, weakness, and fatigue. Other symptoms included hair loss, inflammation of the throat, central nervous system damage, internal bleeding, bleeding into the skin (petechiae), gastrointestinal symptoms, and skin reddening (erythema). Long-term effects include cataracts and cancer. Deaths and illnesses from radiation injury continued to mount through the succeeding decades.
Rebuilding
Nagasaki is an important tourist center; its industry is still based upon its large shipyards, which are grouped along the western and inner parts of the harbor. Nagasaki became a spiritual center of the peace movement for the banning of nuclear weapons. Peace Park was established under the point of detonation. The Roman Catholic cathedral of Urakami (built in 1959 to replace the original 1914 cathedral that was destroyed by the bomb) overlooks the park.
Western civilization as we know it wouldn’t exist without Islamic culture
How did the Islamic world influence the West?
Algebra, alchemy, artichoke, alcohol, and apricot all derive from Arabic words which came to the West during the age of Crusades. Even more fundamental are the Indo-Arabic numerals (0-9), which replaced Roman numerals during the same period and revolutionized our capacity to engage in science and trade.
This debt to Islamic civilization contradicts the claim put forward by political scientist Samuel Huntington in his book The Clash of Civilizations some 25 years ago, that Islam and the West have always been diametrically opposed. In 2004, historian Richard Bulliet proposed an alternative perspective. He argued civilization is a continuing conversation and exchange, rather than a uniquely Western phenomenon.
Even so, Australia and the West still struggle to acknowledge the contributions of Islamic cultures (whether Arabic speaking, Persian, Ottoman, or others) to civilization.
In an initial curriculum proposed by the Ramsay Centre for Western Civilization, only one Islamic text was listed, a collection of often-humorous stories about the Crusades from a 12th-century Syrian aristocrat. But Islamic majority cultures have produced many other texts with a greater claim to shaping civilization.
Philosophical and literary influences
Many of the scientific ideas and luxury goods from this world came into the West following the peaceful capture of the Spanish city of Toledo from its Moorish rulers in 1085.
Over the course of the next century, scholars, often in collaboration with Arabic-speaking Jews, became aware of the intellectual legacy of Islamic culture preserved in the libraries of Toledo.
Their focus was not on Islam, but the philosophy and science in which many great Islamic thinkers had become engaged. One was Ibn Sina (also known as Avicenna), a Persian physician and polymath (a very knowledgable generalist) who combined practical medical learning with a philosophical synthesis of key ideas from both Plato and Aristotle.
Another was Ibn Rushd (or Averroes), an Andalusian physician and polymath, whose criticisms of the way Ibn Sina interpreted Aristotle would have a major impact on Italian theologist and philosopher Thomas Aquinas in shaping both his philosophical and theological ideas in the 13th century. Thomas was also indebted to a compatriot of Ibn Rushd, the Jewish thinker Moses Maimonides, whose Guide to the Perplexed was translated from Arabic into Latin in the 1230s.
While there is debate about the extent to which the Italian writer Dante was exposed to Islamic influences, it is very likely he knew The Book of Mohammed’s Ladder (translated into Castilian, French, and Latin), which describes the Prophet’s ascent to heaven. The Divine Comedy, with its account of Dante’s imagined journey from Inferno to Paradise, was following in this tradition.
Dante very likely heard lectures from Riccoldo da Monte di Monte Croce, a learned Dominican who spent many years studying Arabic in Baghdad before returning to Florence around 1300 and writing about his travels in the lands of Islam. Dante may have criticized Muslim teaching, but he was aware of its vast influence.
Islam also gave us the quintessential image of the Enlightenment, the self-taught philosopher. This character had his origins in an Arabic novel, Hayy ibn Yaqzan, penned by a 12th-century Arab intellectual, Ibn Tufayl. It tells the story of how a feral child abandoned on a desert island comes through reason alone to a vision of reality.
Hayy ibn Yaqzan was published in Oxford, with an Arabic-Latin edition in 1671, and became a catalyst for the contributions of seminal European philosophers including John Locke and Robert Boyle. Translated into English in 1708 as The Improvement of Human Reason, it also influenced novelists, beginning with Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe in 1719. The sources of the Enlightenment are not simply in Greece and Rome.
Civilization is always being reinvented. The civilisation some call “Western” has been, and still is, continually shaped by a wide range of political, literary, and intellectual influences, all worthy of our attention.
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
For quite some time, many years in fact, I have found my self debating people about whether man actually landed on the moon or not. What I've learned is that most conspiracy theorist base their arguments on conjecture and non factual information. Most of all they do not know the true meaning of a conspiracy. Because of this it is hard to debate some who is unwilling to accept facts while denying something they do not fully understand.
Criminal conspiracy. In criminal law, a conspiracy is an agreement between two or more people to commit a crime at some time in the future. Criminal law in some countries or for some conspiracies may require that at least one overt act be undertaken in furtherance of that agreement, to constitute an offense.
noun ~ a secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful.
: a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators
the conspiracy theories surrounding Kennedy's assassination
also: a theory asserting that a secret of great importance is being kept from the public
… is best known for … his conspiracy theory that a secret cabal of reptilian humanoids is running the world.
—Simon Little
… has often been criticized for promoting conspiracy theories such as "birtherism," the theory that President Obama was not born in the U.S.
—Grace Segers
The following will show where and how this silly notion that the government faked the moon landing. It started with a movie starring OJ Simpson. In it they faked a space mission to Mars. NASA helped in making the movie despite the conspiracy plot.
Capricorn One is a 1977 British-produced American thriller film in which a reporter discovers that a supposed Mars landing by a crewed mission to the planet has been faked via a conspiracy involving the government and—under duress—the crew themselves. It was written and directed by Peter Hyams and produced by Lew Grade's ITC Entertainment. It stars Elliott Gould as the reporter, and James Brolin, Sam Waterston, and O. J. Simpson as the astronauts. Hal Holbrook plays a senior NASA official who goes along with governmental and corporate interests and helps to fake the mission.
Plot
Capricorn One—the first crewed mission to Mars—is on the launch pad. Just before liftoff, astronauts Charles Brubaker, Peter Willis, and John Walker are suddenly removed from the spacecraft. Bewildered, they are flown to an abandoned military base in the desert. The launch proceeds on schedule, with the public unaware the spacecraft is empty.
At the base, NASA official Kelloway informs the astronauts that a faulty life-support system would have killed them in-flight. He says they must help counterfeit the televised footage during the flight to and from Mars. Another failed space mission would result in NASA's funding being cut and private contractors losing millions in profits. Kelloway threatens their families to force their cooperation.
The astronauts remain captive during the flight and appear to be filmed after landing on Mars, although they are actually inside of a makeshift TV studio at the base. At the command center, only a few officials know about the conspiracy until an alert technician, Elliot Whitter, notices that ground control receives the crew's televised transmissions before the spacecraft telemetry arrives. Whitter reports this to his supervisors, including Kelloway, but is told it is due to a faulty workstation. Whitter partially shares his concerns with a TV journalist friend, Robert Caulfield. Whitter suddenly vanishes, and when Caulfield goes to Whitter's apartment the next day, he discovers someone else living there and that all evidence of Whitter's recent life has been erased. As Caulfield investigates, several attempts are made on his life.
Upon returning to Earth, the empty spacecraft burns up during atmospheric reentry due to a faulty heat shield, which would have killed the astronauts had they been on board. The astronauts realize officials will need to kill them to keep the hoax a secret. They escape in a small jet which quickly runs out of fuel, forcing a crash-landing in the desert. They split up on foot to increase their chances of finding help and exposing the plot. Kelloway sends helicopters after them. Willis and Walker are found, while Brubaker evades capture.
Caulfield interviews Brubaker's "widow" after reviewing a televised conversation between the astronauts and their wives. Mrs. Brubaker had seemed confused when her husband mentioned their last family vacation. She explains that the family had actually gone to a different location, where a western movie was being filmed. Brubaker was intrigued by how special effects and technology made it seem real.
Caulfield believes Brubaker would never make such a mistake and may have been sending his wife a message. Caulfield goes to the deserted western movie set and is shot at. As he investigates further, federal agents break into his home, arresting him for possessing cocaine that they planted there. His exasperated boss bails Caulfield out, then fires him.
A reporter friend tells Caulfield about an abandoned military base located 300 miles (480 km) from Houston. The base is deserted, but Caulfield finds Brubaker's necklace and medallion and concludes the astronauts were there. Caulfield hires a crop-dusting pilot named Albain to search the desert. They spot and follow two helicopters to a closed isolated gas station where Brubaker is hiding. They rescue him as he attempts to escape his pursuers. The helicopters chase their plane through a canyon but crash when Albain blinds them with crop spray.
Ultimately, Caulfield and Brubaker arrive at the astronauts' memorial service, where Kelloway and Brubaker's wife see them and live network TV coverage exposes the truth.
Peter Hyams began thinking about a film of a space hoax while working on broadcasts of the Apollo missions for CBS. He later reflected regarding the Apollo 11 Moon landing, "There was one event of really enormous importance that had almost no witnesses. And the only verification we have ... came from a TV camera."[2]
He later elaborated:
Whenever there was something on the news about a [space flight], they would cut to a studio in St. Louis where there was a simulation of what was going on. I grew up in the generation where my parents basically believed if it was in the newspaper it was true. That turned out to be bullshit. My generation was brought up to believe television was true, and that was bullshit too. So I was watching these simulations and I wondered what would happen if someone faked a whole story.[3]
Hyams wrote the script in 1972 but no one wanted to make it. He says interest in the script was re-activated by the Watergate Scandal. He approached producer Paul Lazarus. Hyams and Lazarus had a meeting with Lew Grade, head of production company ITC Entertainment who had recently moved into film production with The Return of the Pink Panther. Grade agreed to make the film after only five minutes.[4] The budget was $4.8 million.[5][6][2]
Grade announced the film in October 1975 as a part of a slate of ten films he intended to make over the next 12 months, including The Domino Principle, Action - Clear the Fast Lanes and Juarez. The last two were ultimately not made.[7]
To stay within the budget, NASA's co-operation was needed. Lazarus had a good relationship with the space agency from Futureworld. The filmmakers were thus able to obtain government equipment as props, including a prototype Apollo Lunar Module,[8] despite the story's negative portrayal of the space agency.
In September 1976, it was announced the cast would include Elliott Gould, O.J. Simpson, James Brolin, Brenda Vaccaro, and Candice Bergen.[9] The presence of Brolin and Simpson in the cast helped secure a presale to NBC.[4] Ultimately Bergen pulled out and was replaced by Karen Black.
Hyams later joked, "O. J. Simpson was in it, and Robert Blake was in Busting [Hyams' first feature]. I've said many times: Some people have AFI Lifetime Achievement awards; some people have multiple Oscars; my bit of trivia is that I've made films with two leading men who were subsequently tried for the first-degree murder of their wives."
Two novelizations of the film were written and published by separate authors. The first was written by Ken Follett (under the pseudonym Bernard L. Ross) and published in the United Kingdom; the other was written by Ron Goulart and published in the United States.[21]
The Follett novel is notable for giving Robert Caulfield more development than the movie does, including giving him something of a relationship with CBS reporter Judy Drinkwater (who has more time in the book than in the movie) and ending the book with him and Judy. The story saves his career and results in his being employed by CBS.
Clips from the faked Mars landing scenes have been used for illustration purposes in various Moon landing hoax conspiracy documentaries, notably the Fox TV show Conspiracy Theory: Did We Land on the Moon and Bart Sibrel's film A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Moon (2001). The latter also features a still shot from the hoax scene on the DVD's front cover.
In 2020–2021, Capricorn One was used as part of an internet prank. A viral video purported to be released by WikiLeaks was uploaded to BitChute, Twitter, Facebook and other social media platforms and blogs with a title: "Wikileaks releases - Moon landing cut scene - filmed in Nevada desert". In fact, WikiLeaks released no such video. Close inspection revealed this prank video to be made using clips from Capricorn One and even various film reels shot on the set of Capricorn One, which were then cut and spliced with stock footage from the Apollo missions and training sessions.
When they landed on the moon they left on the moon reflectors that they still use to this very day to monitor the distance between the moon and the earth as well as rotation and earth's axis.
Yes. Reflectors were left on the moon, by the Apollo 11, 14, and 15 crews, to be used in experiments to measure the precise (within a millimeter) distance to the moon.
Retroreflectors are devices which reflect light back to its source. Six were left at six sites on the Moon by three crews of the Apollo program, two remote landers of the Lunokhod program, and one by the Chandrayaan program.
Back in 1987 I heard about a man named LeGrand. Some associates of mine from Brooklyn told me stories about Doc LeGrand a self proclaimed preacher who was leader of a cult in Brooklyn, New York. He had women dressed in habits who were mostly in the subway stations collecting money for LeGrand's so-called church. At the time, 1987 while they were telling me this I recalled seeing those nuns begging for money. What they told me next was mind blowing. This man was snatching up young girls and killing them as well as some grown women. At first I thought it was some urban camp fire style stories meant to keep young girls from running away or roaming the streets alone. Yet they were telling me the truth.
The reason they were telling me this was because I had a confrontation with one of LeGrand's sons. I had no idea who he nor his father were until they informed me. They said in some cases he used his teenage sons to lure teenage girls in to his flock. After years of girls, women and possibly some men disappearing they finally found evidence in a lake in upstate New York where LeGrand owned some property.
In any event, I decided to do some research concerning LeGrand just to see if my memory is still reliable and how accurate was the information I was given back in 1987. Below are several article about LeGrand. See how long this serial rapist and murderer was able commit these horrible acts.
~Malik Shabazz
‘Bishop’ LeGrand Indicted in Killing of 2 Wives and 2 Teen‐Age Girls
For Years, Women Vanished. A Brooklyn Church Hid the Secret.
Devernon LeGrand, the self-styled bishop of a Brooklyn church, was indicted yesterday on charges of having murdered two of his wives, one in 1963 and one in 1970.
In addition, he and a son, Steven Strong LeGrand, 26, years old, were indicted in the murder of two sisters —Gladys Rivera Stewart, 18, and Yvonne Rivera, 16.
District Attorney Eugene Gold of Brooklyn said his office was continuing the investigation that led to the murder indictments. Although he would say nothing more, sources in his office had disclosed earlier that the District Attorney was looking into the disappearance of more than a dozen persons linked to Mr. LeGrand.
The four murders listed in yesterday's indictments were all said to have occurred in the four‐story town house Mr. LeGrand maintained as a church and residence at 222 Brooklyn Avenue in the Bedford‐Stuyvesant section. The church is known as St. John's Pentecostal Church of Our Lord.
According to the indictments, all the victims were “beaten, stomped and dismembered.”
Ann Sorise, one of the two wives Mr. LeGrand allegedly killed, was also shot. She was said to have been murdered in September 1963.
The other wife he allegedly killed was identified as Ernestine Timmons. She was said to have been killed about May 1, 1970.
Both women were in their 30's.
The Rivera sisters, the indictment said, were beaten and stomped to death last Oct. 3 by Devernon LeGrand and his son, Steven, “acting in concert with another person.” The third person was not identified.
That third person is expected to testify against the two LeGrands under a grant of immunity.
In an affidavit filed previously with the District Attorney, a caretaker for the LeGrands, Frank Holman, said he had helped take the dismembered bodies of the two sisters from the house in Brooklyn to “LeGrand Acres,” a 58‐acre farm maintained by Mr. LeGrand for members of his church and their children in Liberty, N.Y.
He also said he had helped burn the bodies in a metal washtub and then had dumped the remains into Lake Briscoe, four miles away.
Mr. LeGrand has accused Mr. Holman of having an affair with his current wife, the former Kathleen Kennedy, an Englishwoman, and had accused Ithe two of seeking to implicate him falsely. They now are in protective custody.
The LeGrands, father and son, were arraigned yesterday before Justice John R. Starkey in State Supreme Court and both pleaded not guilty.
The question of bail was not raised since Devernon LeGrand is currently serving 5 to 15 years in jail for rape and bribery. And his son Steven is in jail awaiting trial on charges of murdering two men who were said to have worked as pimps for his father.
BROOKLYN, N.Y. (PIX11) — The now-adult children of a Brooklyn serial killer are asking PIX11 for help in finding the remains of their missing mothers.
The women vanished in the 1960’s and 1970’s from a four-story house on Brooklyn Avenue, run by self-styled “Bishop” Devernon “Doc” LeGrand. He was convicted of stomping to death and dismembering three young women in 1977. Up to 23 people vanished from the household over two decades and were never seen again.
“I wanted to find out the truth about my mother,” 49-year old Cheyama LeGrand said to PIX11 News, in an exclusive interview that will air Monday night at 10 P.M. Cheyama’s mother was Bernice Williams, and Cheyama recounted she was only about four-years-old when her mom disappeared from her life. “She always laughed,” LeGrand recalled. “She was just a happy woman.”
Cheyama has limited memories of her mother, but she remembers one time when the young mom dressed Cheyama and her older sister in nice dresses. “I can remember the dress so clear,” she said.“Mine was red. Hers was blue.”
Cheyama also recalls her mother sharing fruit cocktail cups with the two little girls in the kitchen at 222 Brooklyn Avenue, where the “bishop” ran a four-story house with up to 70 men, women and children living there at one time.
In March 1977, Doc LeGrand — then 52-years-old — was convicted of beating to death teen sisters, Yvonne and Gladys Rivera, and burning their bodies in a tub at his upstate farm. LeGrand was also convicted in the 1970 murder of Ernestine Timmons, who had born six children for him and was forced to dress as a nun and beg in the subways. LeGrand’s scam was earning him $250,000 a year in the mid-1970’s. He used to drop off the phony nuns in Little Italy and in busy, transit hubs five or six days a week. One source told PIX11 if the women didn’t bring home at least $100 a day, they would be beaten. Last week, PIX 11 profiled the case of another, missing nun — Elizabeth Brown — who was only 14-year-old when Doc LeGrand seduced her with angel dust and alcohol at the Adventurer’s Inn Amusement Park in College Point, Queens.
The family of Ernestine Timmons has also reached out to PIX 11, seeking help in finding her remains. Hundreds of bones were dredged from Lake Briscoe upstate in early 1976. This was before DNA technology. Prosecutors relying on the work of an anthropologist helped to identify bones that likely came from the remains of the teens, Yvonne and Gladys Rivera. Some jewelry that belonged to Yvonne Rivera was also found in Lake Briscoe.
There were no bones linked to Timmons, who was 30 when she was killed. Prosecutors won a conviction, because one of LeGrand’s wives testified she witnessed some of the activity surrounding Timmons’ death, and an accomplice gave the jury details, as well.
On Monday night at 10 PM, PIX11 will air our extensive interview with Cheyama. She will recount the secret she learned when she was 12. She will also reveal how she confronted her father in prison, to ask about the fate of her missing mother. Devernon LeGrand died in state prison in 2006, when he was 82-years-old.
The girl met her killer at Adventurers Inn, a second-rate amusement park in College Point, Queens.
Elizabeth Brown, 15, was at the park with friends one summer night in 1974 when he rolled up in his chauffeur-driven, cream-colored Cadillac — with its own bar and TV — and stepped out. He would have been hard to resist: a dapper preacher in a silk suit with movie-star looks, wealth and charm.
But this “pastor,” Devernon “Doc” LeGrand, 50, had no intention of saving her soul. His slick approach was intended to snare the girl into his commune in Brooklyn, where he plied teens with drugs and booze, seduced them and forced them to panhandle in nun garb.
Brown became LeGrand’s concubine and beggar, hitting up subway riders by day and having sex with him and dropping angel dust by night.
“She had a good heart but was very angry, very belligerent,” said Brown’s sister Cathy. “Our father was sick with cancer and dying. She was looking for stability. A kid like that attracts dirtbags like magnets.”
Sister Milindia AKA Mindy LeGrandBrigitte Stelzer
Thirty-six years later, authorities assumed LeGrand’s cult, which eventually devolved into rape and murder and scandalized the city in the 1970s, was long gone. But last week they opened a new probe into the remnants of his clan after The Post found Mindy LeGrand, his daughter-in-law, pulling the same old sister act in Little Italy.
Investigators have returned to the dark secrets of 222 Brooklyn Ave., a Crown Heights row house where for two decades LeGrand headed one of the most notorious crime families in city history.
LeGrand fathered 46 children, many of whom lived in tiny bedrooms upstairs in the four-story headquarters where Devernon preached on the first floor. For years, kids were kept in cages, starved and beaten — until cops busted LeGrand for child-abuse in 1965.
“They had these tiny little rooms. The kids would stay with their mothers or just run around everywhere,” said Eugene Jarkow, who investigated LeGrand for the Brooklyn District Attorney’s Office. “The street-level floor is where they had the church. There was a big meat freezer in the basement, supposedly where he’d put the bodies, but there was no proof of that.”
Every morning, LeGrand’s phony nuns would pile into his Cadillac and he would drop them off at locations across the city. One fake sister, Vivian Roye, “was olive-skinned and passed as Italian — she did very well on Mulberry Street,” recalled former Brooklyn prosecutor Harold Rosenbaum.
The church took in an estimated $250,000 a year, enough to buy the Crown Heights building and a 58-acre farm in Sullivan County, which LeGrand paid for with rolls of coins.
When Devernon wasn’t in a rage, life could be good. There were tailored outfits, luxury cars and gambling trips to Atlantic City. Booze and drugs flowed freely.
“They lived what they thought was the good life,” Jarkow said. Cathy Brown added, “There was always a party at that place.”
Jarkow even admitted to a certain fondness for the charlatan.
“I liked him — and I knew the horrors he committed, the grief he brought on this earth,” said Jarkow. “The guy could have sold me anything. He was very charming. . . . He was like an entertainer.”
Brigitte Stelzer
LeGrand, born in 1924, said he came to New York as a 12-year-old with his parents from Laurinburg, NC. He claimed he was ordained in 1954 on Long Island and got a doctorate in a psychology and theology from an unnamed institute in Newark.
LeGrand was charged with killing his first wife, Ann Sorise, and his second wife, Ernestine Timmons. The wonder is that he got away with so much for so long. City and state officials never figured out a way to shut down the panhandling swindle. And as many as 23 additional “parishioners” went missing and couldn’t be located. Cops wondered: Had LeGrand killed them?
Twice cops dug up the basement of the church looking for bodies — in 1965, after three members vanished, and 10 years later while looking for the remains of two teenage sisters. It was a long time before they would learn the full truth.
The cloak began to fall away in 1975 when LeGrand and his son Noconda were convicted of first-degree rape after they repeatedly sexually assaulted a 20-year-old woman in the church. Then two cult insiders — Kathleen Kennedy and the church handyman, Frank Holman — came forward to say LeGrand had killed his own daughter-in-law, Gladys Stewart, 18, in a fit of rage.
The truth was much worse.
Stewart, who had married LeGrand’s 20-year-old stepson, Donald Stewart, had had enough of the family and wanted out. She had also secretly helped prosecutors get the rape conviction. When she made it clear to Donald on Oct. 3, 1975, that she was leaving for good, he flew into a rage, and LeGrand intervened.
LeGrand detained both Stewart and her sister, Yvonne Rivera, 16, who was visiting, and ordered the rest of the congregation downstairs to the first-floor meeting room, where he demanded they stay “until I tell you to come out.” Over the next two hours, from 6:30 p.m. to 8:30 p.m., LeGrand and another stepson kicked and beat the two teens. A LeGrand daughter went in and told the flock, “Daddy’s stomping Gladys.”
Holman said he heard a woman scream, and the group began to sing hymns. They stayed until 2:30 a.m., when LeGrand came in and sent them to bed. Weeks later, LeGrand boasted he’d killed and dismembered the girls and had their remains incinerated at his upstate farm.
“You all remember Gladys,” he said. “Daughter or no daughter, you’ll join the bitch. You know what I do with bitches. I burn them. . . . That little bitch [Yvonne] came down to see about her sister and I got her, too.”
Brigitte Stelzer
Holman, who joined the church after leaving his job as an autopsy assistant with the Brooklyn Medical Examiner’s Office, said he was ordered to load two big garbage bags into his car and drive them to the farm. When he got there, something had spilled from a bag.
It was Yvonne Rivera’s severed head.
He dumped the jumble of body parts into an old bathtub, doused them with paint thinner, and set the contents on fire. They burned for two hours. He then put the ashy remains in a garbage can, which he tossed into a pond near the camp. He later led investigators to where the bone fragments were submerged.
“I was given two large Kentucky Fried Chicken buckets with bones and told, ‘Here, try the case,’ ” said Rosenbaum.
The prosecutor said he enlisted an expert from the Museum of Natural History to piece together the fragments, and LeGrand and stepson Steven LeGrand were convicted of the double homicide; each got 25 to life. Devernon LeGrand died in prison in 2006 at age 82.
The family business, renamed St. Joseph’s Church of Christ and Home, is now headed by LeGrand’s son, Noconda, the convicted rapist, and is under investigation by the state attorney general. The agency wants to know why Mindy LeGrand is lying about being an Episcopal sister and raising funds for an orphanage that doesn’t exist.
The Attorney General’s Office served LeGrand with a subpoena after The Post’s front-page expose last Sunday, sources said.
The city Health Department sent inspectors to 222 Brooklyn Ave. last week after her son Quomenters claimed to The Post that the church took in orphans and provided child care. The inspectors found no evidence of either, a department spokesperson said.
Perhaps more worrisome was Quomenters’ insistence that nine youths who lived in the house were “away at summer camp” on the family’s farm in White Sulphur Springs, the same place — now abandoned — where Holman burned up the Rivera sisters’ bodies.
Additional reporting by Cynthia Fagen and Liz Pressman
The Brooklyn Children’s Museum is a two-mile walk from my apartment. It’s an inviting edifice, filled with magic and wonder for children and adults alike. The surrounding grounds are peaceful, punctuated by the boisterous sounds of little kids going in and out of the museum. For good reason it’s a jewel of the borough, attracting over 260,000 annual visitors.
A block south and across the street from the museum is a four-story dilapidated townhouse. It ought to be a fine example of pre-war Crown Heights architecture, a building worthy of admiration. Most, if not all, of the museumgoers wouldn’t even give it an extra glance. But I do, every time I walk past, ever since I learned of the house’s history.
But if they knew the house’s history, they might. This townhouse, at 222 Brooklyn Avenue, was the stuff of nightmares. Where girls and women screamed for their lives and no one heard. Where a self-styled preacher with an ill-fitting toupee and a pencil-thin mustache driving a cream-colored Cadillac with its own bar and color television created a church that was more about his sinister desires than about the worship of God. And where, amazingly, many of his descendants still live, in communion with past—and perhaps present—horrors.
***
DeVernon LeGrand didn’t learn how to be a hustler all on his own, though the instincts were present early. Born in 1924 in Laurinberg, North Carolina, LeGrand moved to Manhattan at the age of twelve, and by the time he came of age his rap sheet was in full bloom. A 1946 arrest for failing to carry his draft card. A 1947 bust for attempted rape. A suspended sentence for arranging an abortion. These were mere prelude to further descents into depravity, dressed by day in flowing black robes, and by night in maroon jackets, ascot scarfs and gold trousers.
As LeGrand’s arrest record grew, he found an early calling hitching himself, professionally speaking, to other grifters. There was one Mother Robinson, for whom LeGrand worked as a chauffeur until her death in 1949. Then he moved on to a fake preacher named Daniel E. Davis, who had started up the “New Day Holy Church of God” at the tail end of World War II. LeGrand was a procurer of women, and his product included his first wife, Helen, and his sister, Sarah Moloney.
Their task: dress up as nuns, in black habits clutching tambourines to their bosoms, and solicit around Times Square, department stores like Macy’s and Straus’s, and subway stations from Harlem to Crown Heights. The women could keep all the cash save for $2.50 per day—eventually doubled to 5 bucks per—which kicked back to the “Church.” The racket cleared well over a hundred grand a year then, which would be close to a million dollars today.
The crime novelist Chester Himes had left New York City by the time DeVernon and Helen LeGrand, Sarah Moloney, and several others were arrested in 1953 for solicitation and fraud. (The women were convicted and given prison sentences of several months each; DeVernon was acquitted, continuing his pattern of beating charges.) But Himes described the scam so accurately in A Rage in Harlem that he must have witnessed the grift in action, or knew someone who had:
“No one paid her any special attention. There were many black Sisters of Mercy seen throughout Manhattan. They solicited in the big department-stores downtown, on Fifth Avenue, in the railroad stations, up and down 42nd Street and throughout Times Square. Only a few persons knew the name of the organization they belonged to. Most of the Harlem folk thought they were nuns, just the same as there were black, kinky-headed, frizzly-bearded rabbis seen about the street.”
One Sister of Mercy in particular merited her own description: “dressed in a long black gown similar to the vestments of a nun, with a white starched bonnet atop a fringe of gray hair. A large gold cross, attached to a black ribbon hung at her breast. She had a smooth-skinned, round black cherubic face, and two gold teeth in front which gleamed when she smiled.”
Himes was describing his own fake nun, a man dressed in women’s garb who would be the central driver of the plot before his series detective antiheroes, Coffin Ed Johnson and Gravedigger Jones, arrived on scene. But he could have been describing Helen LeGrand, who made sure—when her husband broke away from Davis and put out his own preaching shingle in 1956—that the bevy of fake nuns went out every day and returned with enough cash to cover the $5 a day kickback.
Whether Himes followed what happened next isn’t known. But if he had kept up with LeGrand’s shenanigans, he could have had yet more fodder for his Harlem Detectives, or a story too wild for even them to contend with.
***
DeVernon LeGrand moved his flock of women and children to 222 Brooklyn Avenue in the early 1960s. By that time LeGrand styled himself as a “Doctor and Physicologist, Metaphysics & Theology” hanging a sign over the door at the townhouse. He claimed to teach classes every Wednesday evening at 8:30. He advertised his ability to preside over weddings and funerals. “I have the power of divine healing,” LeGrand once declared. “I don’t charge no salary for this. I lay my hands on you and you recover. For that you give me a blessing.” In other words, a donation, often a hefty one.
It all sounded odd, but not necessarily sinister. There was a pending state investigation into whether St. John’s Church of Our Lord was a cover for fraud, dating back to 1961, but it had stalled out. There were rumors of raucous parties ending in fights as drunken men and women spilled out into the streets, but did that rise to the level of criminality? The neighborhood wasn’t sure.
DeVernon LeGrand
And as for those other rumors of young girls being picked up by LeGrand in his shiny Cadillac, promising them the moon, only to be taken back to the townhouse and threatened with beatings (or worse) if they didn’t adopt the fake nun grift, those seemed too fantastical to be real. They had to be.
Then the disappearances began to mount.
No one really cared until Brooklyn police raided the four-story townhouse at 8:30 on the morning of September 1, 1965. As detailed in a three-part series by Rana Gustaisis for the Philadelphia Daily News later that month, a team from the DA’s office stormed the house, search warrant in hand. “The first thing I saw were bare women running all over the place,” Detective Michael Lizzio told Gustaisis. Of the eleven women present that evening, seven were pregnant. Cops counted forty-seven children on the premises, too. Most every one of them bore some resemblance to LeGrand.
What interested police, though, were reports of three women who had gone missing, perhaps murdered, who had long been associated with LeGrand, and were last seen in 1963: Anne Sorise, Mary Horan, and Lulu King. Then there was Bernice Williams, very much alive, who claimed to have been held prisoner at the townhouse for a week without access to food. And Ernestine Timmons, who claimed LeGrand “assaulted her about the head and body with fists and a stick,” and Betty Jean Davis, who detailed how LeGrand threatened her with a gun in June 1964.
Police headed for the townhouse’s cellar and began to dig for remains. They found none, but did turn up stolen weapons, contraband marijuana, and enough charges to bust DeVernon for kidnapping Williams. “I heard a scream,” one neighbor recalled to Gustaisis. “A woman from the house ran down the block. [LeGrand] came after her and yelled, ‘Come back!’ She stopped dead, turned around, and came back. He slapped her and they went into the house together.”
Prosecutors were hopeful. They believed they had enough evidence to convict. But they didn’t. The charges evaporated. Witnesses clammed up, and there was talk of a coordinated campaign of intimidation. DeVernon LeGrand beat another rap, and it wouldn’t be the last he bested.
There was a 1968 rape charge, where the woman, Kathleen Kennedy, ended up as his next wife and mother of two of his children. There was the 1970 disappearance of Ernestine Timmons, the same woman who had accused LeGrand of assault several years before. Her irate father went to the Brooklyn Avenue townhouse to confront LeGrand, armed with a pistol. LeGrand took several bullets to his body, but he survived the onslaught. (Another member of the “church” did not.) Timmons remained missing, as did others.
IF YOU WERE A YOUNG GIRL, BLACK OR WHITE, RIDING IN LEGRAND’S TRICKED-OUT CADILLAC, LIVING AT THE CHURCH…THERE WAS NO PREDICTING WHETHER YOU WOULD MAKE IT OUT OF THE PREMISES ALIVE.
If you were a young girl, black or white, riding in LeGrand’s tricked-out Cadillac, living at the Church, or its satellite 58-acre estate in White Sulphur Springs, a Catskills area about a hundred miles north of the city, there was no predicting whether you would make it out of the premises alive. Neighbors of “LeGrand Acres,” as the Catskills estate was called, grew ever more suspicious of the sounds of gunfire, wailing children, shouting women, and trampled crops. They complained to state authorities to little result, leading to further rumors of crooked cops in LeGrand’s pocket.
Then DeVernon and his son Noconda were busted for the rape of a 17-year-old girl that happened at the townhouse on August 22, 1974. Would this charge, like so many other previous ones, evaporate into dust? Or would the Brooklyn DA’s office actually make it stick? It helped that they had a secret weapon: teenage sisters Gladys & Yvonne Rivera.
Gladys was married to another of the LeGrand offspring, Darryl Stewart. Yvonne was younger by two years. They, like so many, lodged at the townhouse. They heard the screams. They witnessed the horrors. And secretly, they began to plot a way out, which after months of pleading by their mother to leave, was a welcome sign. “He had them under his power,” Gladys and Yvonne’s mother later told the crime writer George Carpozi, Jr., who noted the quotes in his writeup for True Detective. “He was an evil man. I don’t know how he managed to hold them under his spell. I begged them to leave him but they wouldn’t listen…”
LeGrand and Noconda were convicted in February 1975 on the rape charge. LeGrand then stood trial for bribery that September. Gladys and Yvonne testified, and the preacher was found guilty. They were due to testify the following month in a different rape case. LeGrand remained in prison while awaiting trial, and prosecutors hoped that witnesses would be a lot less reluctant to testify than they had been in the past.
There was a problem: by October 1975, the Rivera sisters had vanished.
1975 gave way to 1976. Brooklyn investigators were pretty certain of Gladys Stewart and Yvonne Rivera’s fate—they had a surprise witness show up in November to say so—but it was a question of whether they had perished in their jurisdiction or if it was something for Sullivan County. Early in March, a team of diggers went to White Sulphur Springs with picks and shovels. When the days of digging once more turned up empty, the divers went to work. And on March 6, deep in the water by LeGrand Acres, investigators found what they sought.
***
When DeVernon LeGrand was indicted for murder on March 12, 1976, the Brooklyn district attorney, Eugene Gold, was as confident as he could be that the preacher would really, truly spend the rest of his life in prison. The surprise witness? LeGrand’s wife, Kathleen, forced to marry him seven years earlier to make the rape charge go away. “My husband killed them,” she told stunned detectives, then explained that the caretaker, Frank Holman, “knows much more than I do. He helped get rid of the bodies.”
Kathleen continued. “The girls….they were cut up after they were killed and…well, you talk to Frankie…he knows what happened.” They did talk to Frankie. And Holman, who turned to the church after working several years as an assistant in the Brooklyn Medical Examiner’s Office, went far further in his graphic descriptions of what happened to Cheryl and Gladys.
There was an argument, when LeGrand learned on the night of October 3 that the girls had turned state’s witness. “That bitch is complaining too much,” LeGrand told Holman. “I’m going to take care of her right now and end all this bullshit…” He trailed off, before telling Holman to convene about sixty members of the Church to the house. They wouldn’t be allowed to leave for hours. Holman had to make sure of it. “While I was watching so that nobody left,” he told investigators, “I heard the screams of a woman.” Holman led the terrified, imprisoned parishioners in a hymn “to keep them from panicking.”
Then one of LeGrand’s many daughters burst into the church’s front room. “Daddy’s stepping all over Gladys,” she shouted. The hostages wouldn’t be able to leave until 2:30 in the morning, when LeGrand gave the most morbid of all-clears.
Holman’s task was even more lurid. LeGrand needed him to transport “two garbage cans in the backyard with the covers on” up to White Sulphur Springs. Holman protested: “Can’t this wait till the morning?”
“No, get your ass moving right now.”
Holman knew enough not to protest. He knew what kind of man LeGrand was. As Kathleen later told investigators, going against her husband resulted in major trouble. “Let me tell you something,” she heard him shout to one of his other daughters, “You all remember Gladys. Daughter or no daughter, you’ll join the bitch. You know what I do with bitches. I burn them.”
“WHILE I WAS WATCHING SO THAT NOBODY LEFT,” HE TOLD INVESTIGATORS, “I HEARD THE SCREAMS OF A WOMAN.” HOLMAN LED THE TERRIFIED, IMPRISONED PARISHIONERS IN A HYMN “TO KEEP THEM FROM PANICKING.”
Then the parts were set on fire, burning for hours in a large stone barbecue pit behind the main house. LeGrand ordered Holman to “dump the ashes and other remains into the lake.” Holman did as the preacher wanted. He also never forgot one other thing LeGrand said: “That little bitch (Yvonne) came down to see about her sister, and I got her, too.”
Kathleen LeGrand and Frank Holman’s statements, in tandem with the remains found at LeGrand Acres, and other disturbing material recovered from the townhouse—including two hacksaws, three bloodstained bedsheets, a .22 caliber rifle, eleven shells, and a pair of scissors—bolstered the state’s case against DeVernon and his son, Steven. Both were convicted almost a year later, on March 6, 1977. The Daily News reported neither man showed much emotion at the verdict.
***
The Brooklyn district attorney, Michael Gold, got his wish. DeVernon LeGrand died at Green Haven Correctional Facility in 2006, age 82. Five years earlier, at a hearing where his parole was denied, the commissioners concluded: “Your conduct indicates a depraved indifference for human life and no respect for the law.”
How much of a depraved indifference for human life is still not fully known. When LeGrand was convicted for murdering Gladys and Yvonne Rivera, Gold believed the fake preacher was responsible for the murders of as many as 20 girls and women. Ann Sorise and Ernestine Timmons seemed likely victims. So, too, did Elizabeth Brown, a fifteen-year-old girl picked up by LeGrand at a College Point, Queens amusement park in 1974, drafted into the sordid fake nun life through sex and drugs, and never seen again after 1977.
And several other LeGrand sons, including Steven, were convicted in 1978 of the murders of Jeffrey Miranda and Howard Tippins four years before, in what appeared to be a revenge killing for having “kidnapped, raped, and held for ransom a prostitute belonging to the LeGrand stable,” according to the Daily News.
Every few years, law enforcement descends upon 222 Brooklyn Avenue looking for answers. Sometimes it’s in response to rumors of buried dead bodies. Other times it’s to check why the so-called Church never stopped operating, now under the name of St. Joseph’s Church of Christ and Home. Current LeGrand family members have insisted to the papers that their work is above-board. They settled with the city over several house raids in 2016. The sins of DeVernon should not necessarily cast aspersions on the next generation, who just want to live their lives in private peace.
But the “church” is reportedly being run by Noconda LeGrand, who also served time for rape. And as recently as 2010, his sister, Mindy, was reported to be soliciting in a subway station—doing the exact fake nun scam that was her father’s bread-and-butter six decades before. She later claimed she was collecting funds “to pay back taxes.”
***
One summer afternoon, I found myself walking down Brooklyn Avenue, past the Children’s Museum, across the street from the LeGrand townhouse. I took out my phone and snapped some photos of the exterior from what I felt was a safe enough distance. Two men stood on the townhouse stoop. They glanced at me, mid-shot. Their expressions made clear what I already sensed: I should not cross the street. I should not go over and talk to them.
But it’s another year, and another summer. I know I’ll find myself on that stretch of Crown Heights again. This time, there may be no one outside 222 Brooklyn Avenue. This time, I might cross the street. Walk up the steps. Rap on the door.
Holman loaded the garbage cans, as well as a box stuffed with women’s clothing, into a Ford station wagon. Whey they arrived at LeGrand Acres, Holman said, “DeVernon told me to fill an old bathtub with benzene and empty what was in the garbage cans into the tub, which was outdoors and near the barn.” What he found in the cans were “large plastic bags filled with body parts,” including what he believed to be Yvonne Rivera’s head. Based on his prior expertise, Holman believed the girls were dissected “with a sharp knife” followed by “an ax, a cleaver, a large knife, or a saw.”
